To Kill A Mockingbird CE Essays - To Kill A Mockingbird, Mockingbird

To Kill A Mockingbird CE In 'To Kill a Mockinbird' by Harper Lee, I believe that the title of the novel was very significant. It is significant due to the fact that the word 'Mockingbird' was symbolic for the innocence, security and happiness in the novel. The Mockingbird is a symbol for innocence as it does not harm anyone. This is exposed in the novel when Scout is about to shoot the Mockingbird and Atticus halts him. It is also a symbol for security and happiness. In the novel, when the mockingbird is singing everything is okay and everyone is happy. When it is not singing it is significant. The atmosphere is tense. Two examples of this from the novel are the rabid dog in the street (Part 1) and the court case (Part 2) In the novel some of the characters are like mockingbirds. Tom Robinson was one of these characters as he was an innocent figure, he didn't harm anyone and he didn't hurt Mayella. Tom Robinson also brings in the theme of prejudice as he is black and he is treated differently to everyone else. Another character that is like a mockingbird was Boo Radley, he was also innocent, he didn't harm anyone and he saved Scout & Jem near the end of the novel. Boo Radley also had to be protected like a Mockingbird (because he didn't harm anyone). The entire title in the novel means 'To Destroy Innocence'. At the end of the novel Scout realises that Tom Robinson is a 'Mockingbird' and she says it'd be sort of like killing a mockingbird.

Free Essays on Essays

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An organization known as the Software Publishers Association (SPA) is the principal trade association of the PC software industry. SPA works closely with the FBI and has ... Free Essays on Essays Free Essays on Essays 1. It is important to be ethical in today’s modern society for many reasons. I’ll give you two reasons. One in a corporate environment, and one in our military. Take for instance the collapse of WorldCom. The manager’s of this organization became greedy to make themselves reap the financial rewards. The numerous accounting reports that they falsified drove the stock price up and brought in many investors that were mislead. No longer could they cover up the crimes they were committing and it lead to the bankruptcy and collapse of this telecommunication giant. Not only did it hurt the company, but it destroyed the finances of thousands of investors that trusted the people who ran this company. As for our military, it starts with recruiting. Ethical practices of recruiters have to be the number one priority when recruiting the future military. I have seen and read in the paper about fraudulent enlistments some recruiters tried to get away with. One example is a r ecruiter illegally certifying INS documents. What could happen if these people were terrorists in our own military? We all enjoy the freedom we have come to live with. September 11th made us all wonder if we will continue to have this freedom in the future. Ethical values can be taught to adults. It all starts with good management. Managers of any company should have training classes to teach this. They should show various examples of what happens with bad ethical practices and good ethical practices. A good learning experience can be from seeing someone in your work place get fired for things they knew they were not supposed to do. Also, by doing things right, people can be rewarded with bonuses and rewards showing a positive impact. I believe it starts from your upbringing, but just because some people may not have the good upbringing doesn’t mean they can’t be taught. Managers of every organization should constantly be conducting training in every aspect of the w... Free Essays on Essays Since the introduction of computers to our society, and in the early 80’s the Internet, the world has never been the same. Suddenly our physical world got smaller and the electronic world set its foundations for an endless electronic reality. As we approach the year 2000, the turn of the millenium, humanity has already well established itself into the â€Å"Information Age.† So much in fact that as a nation we find our selves out of a service economy and into an information based economy. In a matter of only a few years almost all systems are run buy computers in some way, shape, or form. We depend on them for everything. Even the smallest malfunction or glitch in a system could now cause unfathomable amounts of trouble in everything from riding the bus, having access to your money, to getting your prescription at the pharmacists. Furthermore, Icove (1998) suggested that with the price of home computers that work faster and store more memory going down every year due to competition in the market, it is estimated that by the year 2011 most every American home will have a PC with instant access to the Internet. With an increase in users everyday and new businesses taking advantage of perks of an alternate electronic world, this information dimension will only get bigger, more elaborate, provide more services, and we will find society as a whole more and more dependent on it. However, even in an artificial environment such as the cyberspace, it appears mankind cannot escape from its somewhat overwhelming natural attraction to wrongful behavior or criminal tendencies. In turn this alternative dimension has been infected with the same criminal behavior that plagues our physical reality. The information age has opened the doors to anti social, smart, and opportunistic people to find new and innovative ways to commit old crimes. These people are called hackers. Schamalleger (1999), stated that hackers are people who view and use comp... Free Essays on Essays Consequences of Software Crime ... overseas, yet nearly 85 percent of the software industry’s piracy losses occurred outside of North America. The Software Publishers Association (SPA) indicated that approximately 35 percent of the business software in the North America was obtained illegally. In fact, 30 percent of the piracy occurs ... software piracy ... are doing now (Weisband 33). The Software Publishers Association, based in Washington, D.C., was developed to combat software piracy. As of 1993 the SPA has brought more than 1300 court cases against software pirates. The SPA has a toll-free number that has helped catch many pirates and prosecute them ... communication for massage ... need to provide these tools for our students. The Halsa Helm School of Massage is who I work for and we are under the corporate umbrella of Shari’s Spa which operates the school on it’s premises. We have been in operation for almost two years and have had the opportunity to graduate and follow several ... Software Licensing ... conducts a raid, Federal Marshals or local law enforcement officials participate also. An organization known as the Software Publishers Association (SPA) is the principal trade association of the PC software industry. SPA works closely with the FBI and has also an written enforcement manual for the ... Software Licensing 2 ... conducts a raid, Federal Marshals or local law enforcement officials participate also. An organization known as the Software Publishers Association (SPA) is the principal trade association of the PC software industry. 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Why should anyone care about becoming an educated person Essay

Why should anyone care about becoming an educated person - Essay Example To give the readers a better understanding about this topic, this essay will first discuss about what an education person is and is not. In relation to the importance of continuous learning, reasons as to why each student should care about becoming an educated person will be tackled in details. most of us would aim to enroll ourselves in one of the colleges or local universities before we start a career in our chosen profession. However, the problem with some of us is that not all people who go through higher education are capable of utilizing what they have learned in school (Tauginas 9). Since not all people are capable of applying what they have learned into real-life situations, it is a wrong perception that becoming an educated person is all about receiving proper education. Hamilton mentioned that â€Å"becoming an educated person is ‘a lifelong process’†(82). It means that becoming an educated person should never be limited on receiving high grades in school curriculum nor by being able to complete the course requirements. Although receiving high grades in class is a stepping stone for further studies, it is essential for students to be aware that an educated person is way more than being able to receive high grades in one or more subject. Becoming an educated person is also more than being able to graduate from school. Furthermore, it is not about simply having a decent job nor being able to earn money (Hamilton 84). Instead, becoming an educated person is all about our ability to embrace new learning opportunities as it comes along our way. There are a lot of benefits associated with becoming an educated person. Aside from the fact that access to proper education can make us become a better person (Lin 21), becoming an educated person will definitely make us become well-rounded. Furthermore, access to

Recruiting and Ad Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Recruiting and Ad - Assignment Example The general timeline will move backward from the search start date to the selection of candidate, and finally to the candidate hire date. The Recruitment Plan will encompass a 10 week process that spans the following elements in chronological order: Develop a concise statement to define the process and goal. Summary Statement for the Candidate search: Marvel Worldwide Inc. is expanding their creative universe with the addition of an energizing professional Product Review Technician for the Comic Book Division. We are offering excellent opportunity for an enthusiastic motivated Product Review Specialist to get their career off to a positive start. You will join our Creative team and have a range of duties and responsibilities including Quality Control and Product Synergy within defined parameters. The ongoing challenge of improving and streamlining our Creative department will require you to work and communicate closely with other members of our team. Decide upon the scope of publication for the current Candidate Search. Prepare an efficient and adequate applicant processing plan that is designed to create a short list of qualified candidates based on a qualifier pre-screening criteria. All Applications will be screened based on the following: Educational level, Editorial Experience, and Product Knowledge/Aptitude. Applicants are sub divided and grouped based on qualifier procedure. Highly qualified and skilled applicants receive a complete resume review including reference verification, verification of educational back ground and preliminary work history review. Applicants that are most qualified are contacted and scheduled for formal interview. Interview objectives are established and applicant testing/coordination exams are scheduled to correspond with interview schedules. Schedule ample time for each

Launching a Womens Magazine Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Launching a Womens Magazine - Assignment Example The marketing environment being essentially dynamic, it is essential for the organisation to keep up with the changes (Marketing Environment 2004, p.34). The marketing environment comprises of forces that are internal and external to its marketing functions. Internal forces are those that are inherent to the organisation and hence, can be controlled by the organisation. External forces affect the industry as a whole and cannot be controlled by individual organisations. It is imperative for an organisation to predict, recognise, analyse and understand these forces, and strategically plan its marketing activities. Macro-environmental factors include political, economical, social and technological factors along with demographic, cultural and legal factors that affect a marketing environment. Government policies, political stability, legislations, and prevailing domestic politics and international politics are factors that can affect the publishing industry. Economic factors of a region greatly influence the purchasing power parity (PPP) of that region. The higher the purchasing power parity in a region, the higher its buying potential (Marketing Environment 2004, p.41). The socio-cultural forces refer to the attitudes, beliefs, norms, values and lifestyles of individuals in a society. These forces can present opportunities and pose threats to the magazine sector of the industry. Increasing health challenges can lead to increasing sales of healthcare-related literature. Technology shapes needs as well as helps bring down prices. Technology also helps easy distribution of products. Technology ha s revolutionized advertising, and launching such a superior product as a women's magazine essentially needs promotion with high quality, creative advertisements. Some macro-environmental factors that affect the introduction of a new women's magazine into the market can be cited here. The possible threat of an EU-wide imposition of VAT on books and magazines can greatly affect the market of a new women's magazine. The Office of Fair Trading has recommended that the distribution of magazines should be opened up to greater competition (PEST analysis n.d., p.17). Under the initiative of The Reading Agency, funded by the Government, the year 2008 was announced as a National Year of Reading to encourage reading among the younger people (PEST analysis n.d., p.18). This is likely to have a significant impact on the market of a new women's magazine, and the possibility has to be thoroughly explored. Publisher's rights regarding territories where they are allowed to sell their publications are also factors that have to be looked into while launching a new women's magazine. 3. Micro-environmental factors Micro-environmental factors are those external factors that are close to the company "that affect its ability to serve its customers" (Marshall n.d.). The micro-environmental factors include mainly suppliers, marketing intermediaries, competition and customers. Suppliers provide the resources that are needed to produce the products. They form an important link in the value delivery system (Marshall n.d.). Increase in raw material prices will affect the cost of production, which will inevitably lead to an increase in price. This can affect the marketing environment negatively. Maintaining close relationships

The Leadership Theories Of Machiavelli

The Leadership Theories Of Machiavelli Machiavelli, born on the 3rd day of May 1469, acquired his university education in the University of Florence. He wrote a famous book entitled the Prince. This book is famous for its break down on the issue of attributes of leadership and as such has become a guideline for leaders. He wrote the book based on his earlier experiences, addressing how a prince (leader) should rule. Although the book gained a lot of popularity, his views on the attributes of good leadership had a lot of flaws. In The Prince he advocates mean rule instead of liberalism. He talks of the benefits of being a dictator or exercising the autocratic style of leadership. There are a lot of leaders who have and are following the Machiavellian style of leadership as he had described in The Prince. Examples of such leaders who exercised or exhibited this type of leadership style were Muammar Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi of Libya and Idi Amin of Uganda. Muammar Gaddafi being a Machiavellian according to his leadership style has been the leader of Libya since he staged a military coup on the 1st of September 1969.  [2]  With the strict fellowship he has in the Machiavellian style of leadership, he has sought to maintain the power he has had ever since. In a recent article Gaddafi made a statement saying, I will fight to the last man and the last bullet  [3]  This goes a long way to emphasize on one of the shortfalls of Machiavelli when he talked about the fact that a leader has to gain power and should be able to maintain it by any means possible. In the same way, Gaddafi promises to maintain his power even if it means he has to kill. This action is affecting Libya in a negative manner since the world is pushing for democracy and finding all means to eradicate autocratic system of governance and as such it is affecting the economy of the state due to the current instability the country is facing now. As such, most investors w ould not be willing to invest in a country where peace does not prevail. Also, with growing rate of civilization, killing just to maintain power is barbaric and this would then send the state to a state of regression. Idi Amin was an autocratic leader who sought to exercise his power through military means. In his era, he created the situation whereby he was the only one who had the final say and no one could voice out their values in any way he or she deemed fit. He created and environment which had and still has a traumatizing effect on the people of Uganda now. During his reign as military dictator, there were issues of the abuse of ethnic affiliations, cases of the abuse of human rights and potent radical control, Asians faced expulsion from Uganda and killed outside normal legal proceedings.  [4]  Ugandans have still not devised the means of changing their government through undisturbed measures. Violence has become an option for which their voices could be heard. Again, Machiavelli talked about the situation whereby the prince did not have to possess any thoughts apart from that of war. He describes meanness as an attribute of a good leader. He says liberality would lead a prince or leader to be despised and hated whiles meanness would lead to reproach without hatred hence, being mean is the answer to greater leadership.  [5]   Moreover, Machiavelli allowed the hatred he had in him to take the greater side of him when he was imprisoned because of suspicion of his involvement in a conspiracy where he lost the trust he had in humans. A typical example of such a leader who exhibited Machiavellian traits in his style of leadership was Ghanas former president, Flt. Lt. Jerry John Rawlings. Just as it is of human nature to seek revenge for every pain inflicted upon him, Rawlings came into power through military means to seek revenge for all the pain inflicted upon him in the past. He knew gaining power would be the only way to show his hatred and have his revenge best served.  [6]  This is because having the power he needs, all he has to do is to order for the people responsible for his pain to either be killed or assassinated. As a result of this shortfall of Machiavelli which Rawlings also exhibited, most affected Ghanaians even after the change from a military government to democratic governance still cann ot find it in their hearts to forgive him for his actions. It is for this reason that the National Reconciliation Commission (NRC) was set up. In addition, Machiavellis concept makes mention of the fact that the end justifies the means. He says that if the action a leader takes brings about catastrophe in an area of specialization or nationwide despair then the action taken should not be regarded as a good one.  [7]  Combining this concept to the idea of establishing fear amongst ones followers, some Machiavellian leaders tend to modify this act by protecting the citizens by any means possible so as to be loved by them. When the Americans annexed Iraq, the Iraqis tried to resist their forces even though they were technologically more competent and outstripped them in terms of their quantity, Saddam Hussein having inculcated a great amount of fear in and hatred for Americans in his followers. He made himself an adherent of the Machiavellian style of leadership. Also, as a result of the fear the Tunisian president drum in his people, the only way they could show they were fed up with all his activities was have someone st art the protest and this was done by the unemployed and frustrated young man who felt the only way his voice could be heard was to set himself on fire. Again, this action did not just end there. Egyptians under the rule of Hosni Mubarak saw this as a platform to also voice out their values. Therefore one can say that all these people were simply quiet because of the brutal fear they had for their various leaders and were thus waiting for the right moment to retaliate. Furthermore, Machiavelli in his book wrote about a leader (the prince) being feared rather than loved by his people. Here, this situation would not work in a democratic society where the people decide how long one should be a leader but in the communist society like China, the leader could in his own discretion decide to practice the Machiavellian style of leadership and it would work perfectly for him since he has to instill fear in his followers due to the fact that it is less likely for them to revolt against the government or protest by defying authority.  [8]   In conclusion, these Machiavellian leaders mentioned above, considering the good and bad sides of Machiavellis thoughts on good leadership has led them to impact their nations in a negative manner. Most of the countries like Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, among others are still in a state of unrest and this posses as a threat to the surrounding nations since there is the fear that such actions could be transferred.

Shakespeares Othello - Iago as Good Strategician and Lucky Opportunist

Iago - Good Strategician and Lucky Opportunist      Ã‚  Ã‚   Like with many evil personalities in history and literature the question is always asked did he really plan to make this happen or was it just luck and convenient circumstances, was it intentional or just circumstantial. To determine how good Iago really is at plotting and whether it is really his own influence or just lucky circumstances that cause events I will examine his asides, soliloquies and interaction with key characters because they give an extra insight into his character.    In the first scene we are thrown right into the action with the argument between Iago and Roderigo. This first argument shows us how Iago is cunning and sly because he has already manipulated a weak Roderigo into paying him for something he hasn't even done yet. Roderigo who is obviously weak and simple has asked Iago to help him woo Desdemona in exchange for money, he thinks Iago has not done this because Desdemona is now at this moment marrying the moor. Yet Iago manages to convince Roderigo of his sheer hatred for Othello and swindle him out of his money. As he later exerts in his soliloquy at the end of Act I.3   ' thus do I ever make my fool my purse' this shows his attitude to Roderigo he is just money for Iago a pawn in his plan. This attitude shows how to a certain extent Iago primes the character he will use later in his plan showing a consistent strategy, he knows he can use Roderigo in the future so keeps him on his side instead of being rude and sharp with h im. You can see that Iago finds Roderigo tedious but keeps him a friend for his money and possible use in the future.    As he goes on to speak he shows his jealousy and frustration, which ... ... still no closer to finding out. Similarly with Iago there is no doubt that he is intelligent and quick-witted and his bitterness and jealousy fuels his plans but to an extent the circumstances played as big a role as the character. Shakespeare created Iago and the circumstances because they reacted well together and made an interesting and exciting plot. So I believe it is fair to say that Iago, as a character is both a good strategician and a lucky opportunist in equal measures.    Works Consulted: Muir, Kenneth. Introduction. William Shakespeare: Othello. New York: Penguin Books, 1968. Shakespeare, William. "The Tragedy of Othello the Moor of Venice" The Norton Shakespeare. Ed. Stanley Wells & |Gary Taylor. New York/London, W.W. Norton Company,1997. 2100-2174 Wain, John. Shakespeare's Othello - A Casebook. London: MacMillan Press. 1994

Pride and Prejudice Essay

   When Elizabeth refuses to say whether or not she is engaged to Darcy, Lady Catherine says, ‘Obstinate, headstrong girl! †¦ Is this your gratitude for my intentions last spring? ‘ (p294) From this quote, we can see that Austen believes that people of the aristocracy do not expect to be disobeyed. Mr. Collins is a prime example of how Lady Catherine expects people who are below her social status to act around her. He is eager to please and show off, as discussed earlier; he is proud of his dealings with Lady Catherine. He may be eager to please many above his social status, but conveys hate upon those whom he is even related to. Mrs. Bennet is torn between revulsion for him (not because of his character, but because the house is entailed to him) and liking him as a potential husband for one of her daughters, so that the house will be entailed to them if Mr. Bennet dies. ‘My cousin, Mr. Collins, who, when I am dead, may turn you all out of this house as soon as he pleases. ‘ Mr. Collins also has the desire to do things ‘properly,’ the fortunate chance of him meeting Lady Catherine when life in Hunsford became vacant, resulted in a good house. He also obtained a sufficient income due to being a clergyman traditionally, as he is the second son of the family. With his good house and income he chooses to seek a wife from one of the Bennet daughters as it would prevent the family from being thrown out of the house once Mr. Bennet passes away. This displeases Austen as Mr. Collins is choosing to marry for business rather than love and soon concludes this business by proposing to Elizabeth. Elizabeth’s refusal of marriage is because she simply didn’t love him. ‘You could not make me happy, and I am convinced that I am the last women in the world who would make you so. ‘ (p90) Austen presents her thoughts of marriage through her main character Elizabeth. This forces Mr. Collins to look elsewhere and when Charlotte Lucas accepts his proposal of marriage, Elizabeth is shocked because of Charlotte’s reasons for accepting him. ‘I am not romantic you know. I never was. I ask only a comfortable home; and considering Mr. Collins character, connections, and situation in life, I am convinced that my chance of happiness with him is as fair, as most people can boast on entering the marriage state. ‘ Austen disapproves of Charlottes actions as Charlotte is marrying for money rather than love, which Austen is against. The Bingley sisters are the most prominent of the characters. Caroline, although bright, is proud and prejudiced in her reactions to the Bennets, particularly Jane and Elizabeth. ‘†¦.. Her jealousy and dislike of one sister much exceeded her affection for the other. ‘ They are introduced in the novel when Mr. Bingley arrives in Netherfield. They are very proud and consider themselves to be people to aspire to, but are highly sarcastic and condescending towards Elizabeth. ‘I shall never forget her appearance this morning. She really looked almost wild. ‘ (P. 28) From this quote, we can see that characters such as these do not expect to be at all associated with characters such as Elizabeth and because of this, Austen condemns them using sharp wit and satire. Miss Bingley soon observes and suspects enough tension between Elizabeth and Darcy to become jealous and feels that Elizabeth isn’t fit for Darcy because of her parents and the fact that she has no connections. On the other hand, Darcy thinks nothing of Miss Bingley’s comments and calls Elizabeth ‘the most handsome girl. ‘ An opinion that has changed since the first ball. This quote shows that there is no reason for Darcy to be fond of Elizabeth other than love. In the first few chapters Miss Bingley is assumed to be Jane’s friend but as Jane and Mr. Bingley become more infatuated and Miss Bingley realizes Mr. Bingley’s intentions, she becomes rude to Jane by keeping her away from Mr. Bingley and compelling him to go to London. Miss Bingley’s expectation that Darcy will find her flirting irresistible shows how shallow she is compared to Elizabeth, whose calm, demeanor amid the sniping at Pemberley sets her apart from the other women. ‘Pray, Miss Eliza, are not the-shire militia removed from Meryton? They must be great loss to your family. ‘ Mrs. Bennet is almost certainly the most earsplitting character of them all with the fact that she is honest enough to give her thoughts and opinions about anyone that displeases her. She is by no means a model for her daughters and throughout the novel, Mrs. Bennet herself is a social embarrassment, shallow and snobbish. She clutches at her lost youth through indulging Lydia and Kitty and is concerned more with marrying her daughters into money, than because they are in love. ‘Of having another daughter married to Mr. Collins, she thought with equal certainty, and with considerable, though not equal pleasure. ‘ This quote shows how Mrs. Bennet ranks Elizabeth as her least favorite child due to Elizabeth’s refusal of Mr. Collins marriage proposal. Mrs. Bennet married above her position in society to Mr. Bennet. She is in juxtaposition with him and their marriage is an illustration of what may well happen between Lydia and Wickham. When Lydia leaves with Wickham, Mrs. Bennet becomes extremely immature and stays in her room until the entire problem is resolved. ‘Why did the Forsters ever let her go out of their sight†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. I always thought they were very unfit to have the charge of her; but I was over-ruled, as I always am. ‘ (p. 235) This quote shows how Mrs. Bennet blames every person who had any part in this and feels that she is the victim in this. When Mrs. Bennet discovers that Lydia is to get married, her ill thoughts of everything and mainly Wickham become violent forms of delight. ‘This is delightful indeed! -She will be married! -I shall see her again! -She will be married at sixteen! ‘ This quote shows Mrs. Bennet to have inappropriate behaviour as everyone else is still in shock about what has happened but she proceeds from being the worst effected to the most excited. In conclusion the novel reveals rewarding depths of comedy and irony as well as leaving us fulfilled and contented, rather than miserable and frustrated at the end. In the end Elizabeth and Darcy change and lose their pride about their positions but the satirical characters don’t because they are either high up in social status or they have married financially rather than for love and so preserve their pride. I think Austen’s satire is effective when using characters such Mr. Collins and his proposal to Elizabeth which brings her ‘so near laughing that she could not use the short pause he allowed in any attempt to stop him farther’ Sefket Birdane Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Miscellaneous section.

Fin 571 Week 5 Problem Set Essays

Fin 571 Week 5 Problem Set Essays Fin 571 Week 5 Problem Set Essay Fin 571 Week 5 Problem Set Essay Chap 17, Prob B1 A. Bixton’s objective is to achieve a credit standing that falls, in the words of the chief financial officer, â€Å"comfortably within the ‘A’ range. † What target range would you recommend for each of the three credit measures? To remain within the A range the following is recommended Fixed Charge Coverage 3. 00–4. 30 Funds From Operations/Total Debt 45%–65% Long-Term Debt/Capitalization 22%-32% So to be comfortably within the range A the company should try to maintain higher fixed coverage ratio (near to 4. ), higher Fund from operation/total debt ratio (near to 65%) and maintain a lower long-term debt to capitalization ratio (near to 22%). B. Before settling on these target ranges, what other factors should Bixton’s chief financial officer consider? Bixton CFO should take following into consideration Company ability to fully use non-interest tax credits (foreign tax credits) Issuance cost r elated to Debt and future fixed expense in form of interest payment irrespective of the level of income Company ability to raise debt from the market. Effect on Brand image or goodwill of the company on raising debt C. Before deciding whether the target ranges are really appropriate for Bixton in its current financial situation, what key issues specific to Bixton must the chief financial officer resolve? Before deciding whether the target ranges are really appropriate for Bixton in its current financial situation the CFO of Bixton Corporation should consider the existing amount of RD expenditure and foreign Tax credit. It is possible company may not be able to fully utilize the additional tax saving generated by taking additional debt when RD expenditure and foreign tax credit is taken into consideration. Chap 18, Prob A10 D1 = ADJ [POR(EPS1) – D0] + D0 D1 = 0. 75 [0. 25 x $8. 00 $1. 00] + $1. 00 = $1. 75 D2 = 0. 75 [0. 25 x $8. 00 $1. 75] + $1. 75 = $1. 94 D3 = 0. 75 [0. 25 x $8. 00 $1. 94] + $1. 94 = $1. 985 D4 = 0. 75 [0. 25 x $8. 00 $1. 98] + $1. 98 = $2. 00 D5 = 0. 75 [0. 25 x $8. 00 $2. 00] + $2. 00 = $2. 00 Chap 18, Prob B2 . Over the five-year period, what is the maximum overall payout ratio the firm could achieve without triggering a securities issue? Total discretionary cash flow = $50 + $70 + $60 + $20 + $15 = $215 Total earnings = $100 + $125 + $150 + $120 + $140 = $635 Maximum Payout Ratio = $215 / $635 = 33. 86% b. Recommend a reasonable dividend policy for paying out discretionary cash flow in years 1 through 5. Current dividend = $1. 50 x 20 million shares = $30 million The firm could increase the dividend from $30 million to $50 million. : D1 = $35 / 20 = $1. 75 D2 = $39 / 20 = $1. 95 D3 = $43 / 20 = $2. 15 D4 = $48 / 20 = $2. 40 D5 = $50 / 20 = $2. 50 $35 + $39 + $43 + $48 + $50 = $215, is the total discretionary cash flow and not a discretionary cash deficit. Chap 20 problem A1. 1. Interest Coverage Ratio = EBIT / Interest Expense = $70 million / $14 million = 5 5 4, Dallas Instruments is in compliance. 2. Tangible Assets / Long-Term Debt = $400 million / $175 million = 2. 29 2. 29 1. 5, Dallas Instruments is in compliance. 3. Cumulative Dividends and Share Repurchases = $40 million + $40 million = $80 million $80 million $200 million x 60%, Dallas Instruments is in compliance. Dallas Instruments meets all of the covenants and is therefore in compliance. Chap 21 Prob. A2. a. After-tax cost of secured debt = (1 0. 34) x 12% = 7. 92% NAL = $1,000 $300 / 1. 0792^1 $275 / 1. 0792^2 $250 / 1. 0792^3 $225 / 1. 0792^4 $200 / 1. 0792^5 NAL = $1,000 $277. 98 $236. 12 $198. 90 $165. 87 $136. 62 = -$15. 49 b. Allied Metals should borrow and buy.

Food Shortages Due to Global Warming, Study Warns

Food Shortages Due to Global Warming, Study Warns Half of the world’s population could face severe food shortages by the end of this century as rising temperatures shorten the growing season in the tropics and subtropics, increase the risk of drought, and reduce the harvests of dietary staples such as rice and maize by 20 percent to 40 percent, according to a study published in the journal Science. Global warming is expected to affect agriculture in every part of the world but it will have a greater impact in the tropics and subtropics, where crops are less able to adapt to climate change and food shortages are already starting to occur due to rapid population growth. High Highs Scientists at Stanford University and the University of Washington, who worked on the study, discovered that by 2100 there is a 90 percent chance that the coolest temperatures in the tropics during the growing season will be higher than the hottest temperatures recorded in those regions through 2006. Even more temperate parts of the world can expect to see previously record-high temperatures become the norm. Higher Demand With the world population expected to double by the end of the century, the need for food will become increasingly urgent as rising temperatures force nations to retool their approach to agriculture, create new climate-resistant crops, and develop additional strategies to ensure an adequate food supply for their people. All of that could take decades, according to Rosamond Naylor, who is director of food security and the environment at Stanford. Meanwhile, people will have fewer and fewer places to turn for food when their local supplies begin to run dry. When all the signs point in the same direction, and in this case its a bad direction, you pretty much know whats going to happen, said David Battisti, the University of Washington scientist who led the study. Youre talking about hundreds of millions of additional people looking for food because they wont be able to find it where they find it now. Member of the International Panel on Climate Change agree. In their latest review of the food security issue, they point out that its not just crops: fisheries, weed control, food processing and distribution will all be affected. Edited by Frederic Beaudry.

Discuss the sources of irish law and show how they relate to each Essay

Discuss the sources of irish law and show how they relate to each other - Essay Example These shall be discussed. Bunreacht na hEireann 1937 The Irish Constitution is the supreme source of law of Ireland although it is, arguably, not the main source in terms of quantity. The Constitution is the backbone of the Irish legal system consisting of the source of power exercised by the legislative, judicial and executive branches of government. The Irish Supreme Court and High Court are empowered to review all legislation and may strike down laws if they are inconsistent with the Irish constitution (McCutcheon et al 2008, p. 649) All laws passed by the legislature must comply with the provisions of the Constitution. Specifically, the Constitution provides that the Oireachtas must not enact any law which is repugnant to the Constitution or any provisions thereof (Article15.4.1-2) 4.1 The Oireachtas shall not enact any law which is in any respect repugnant to this Constitution or any provision thereof. 4.2 Every law enacted by the Oireachtas which is in any respect repugnant to this Constitution or to any provision thereof, shall, but to the extent only of such repugnancy, be invalid This means legislation ranks lower than the Constitution. The Constitution provides that the institution which can interpret both the Constitution itself and all the other sources of law are the Courts of law. (Articles 34-37) As the primary source of law as well as having a higher status within the jurisdiction, all other laws must be in conformity with it. Any law that does not comply with the Constitution is invalid. The Constitution regulates the relationship between the organs of government and the citizens and those living in Ireland. (Article 6) The Constitution also guarantees certain fundamental rights and freedoms such as equality before the law, personal liberty, property rights, and freedom of religion and the importance of the family. (Articles 40-44) The Constitution is in both official languages but in the case of incompatibility it is the Irish version which wi ll prevail as it is the first official language. (Articles 8 and 25) Legislation This is law produced through the Oireachtas. This is, arguably, the most important source of law in the modern day Ireland. Firstly, in terms of quantity, the Oireachtas produces far more legal rules than any other source. Secondly, under Article 15 of the Constitution, the Oireachtas has‘sole and exclusive’ law making power. The Irish Constitution assigns to the Oireachtas the sole law making power within the State. (Article 15.2) Every year a large number of pieces of legislation known as statutes are brought into operation as Acts of the Oireachtas. The procedure for the creation of Acts is provided for in the Constitution. Acts of the Oireachtas are known as primary legislation and must follow a particular procedure to be legitimate including going through both houses of the Oireachtas, the Dail and the Seanad. Each piece of legislation must be compatible with the Irish Constitution and the Supreme Court of Ireland may strike down legislation if it is not compliant with the Constitution. Statutes are divided into sections and parts, depending on their length. Article 25 of the Irish Constitution states that all acts must be in both official languages, Irish and English and in the case of contradiction it is the Irish version which will prevail. Each act or statute must be compatible with the Constitution, and may be referred to the Supreme Court by the President to decide

Social Networking Sites and Human Interactions Research Paper

Social Networking Sites and Human Interactions - Research Paper Example As such, young people can spend hours online without feeling bored or tired. This long time on the Internet is actually taken from the time that those young people may have spent with other people, experiencing social interaction. There are various scientists who realize that the time people spent online is ever increasing rapidly. In fact, most modern social studies concluded that "today, people spend more time using communication technology than they did twenty years ago" (Degord). Consequently, a heated debate has started to emerge about the possible negative effects of the Internet on the social interaction of young people. While some analysts undermine the effects that may be caused by the long time spent online, there are others who raise a serious warning about the deterioration of physical social interaction because of online activities. Despite the numerous benefits of the Internet, it can seriously hurt the physical communication process among young people, minimize social interaction, and push young people to live in isolation. The Internet has revolutionized people's lives in many positive ways. For young people, the Internet is an open window on the world, where they can do a variety of activities from the comfort of their own homes. Reading books and newspapers, searching for information about any topic, and involving in important discussions on billboards and newsgroups are some of the important activities young people can do online. Professor Thomas B. Riley, from the School of Law, University of Glasgow, argues that "the Internet is a revolutionary medium that has afforded the opportunity for millions of people to open themselves to a rich panoply of information and services" (Riley). In that sense, the Internet has become an important source of information for people. It enlightens navigators about any issue they research. If used adequately and insightfully, the Internet can widen the scope of knowledge for you people and prepare them for the ir future careers in life. In addition, online social networks, such as Facebook and Twitter, help people socialize online, meet new people, and re-unite with their old friends. Actually, Facebook and Twitter are examples of the most popular online social networks over the Internet. The popularity of both programs increase rapidly as thousands of users join both of them daily. Preceding Twitter, Facebook has a started as a network for the students of Harvard and turned to be one of the most famous online social networks. Moderators of Facebook seem to have much to do. The network is in fact the second most visited site in the world. It knows no borders and can help spread the best and the worst. In that sense, the Internet and social networking sites may play important roles in enriching people’s knowledge and facilitating the process of online socialization. However, the overuse of the Internet by young people minimizes physical social interaction and promotes isolation and loneliness. Young people who spend hours and hours chatting with other online users over the Internet are not actually enhancing their social experiences (Snook). That's because they do not physically interact with other people and involve themselves in real life situations; rather, all what they do is to sit alone in front of their computers, using their fingers to type what they want to